‰ NOW 13 WPM ‰ TEXT IS FROM JANUARY 2014 QST PAGE 61 ‰ THE VARIATION IN RADIATION FROM THE SUN. GEOMAGNETIC FIELD ACTIVITY AND EVENTS IN THE LOWER ATMOSPHERE COUPLING UP TO THE IONOSPHERE ALSO PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN DETERMINING WHAT THE IONIZATION IS. IN FACT, VARIATION IN SOLAR FLUX CAUSES THE LEAST AMOUNT OF THE VARIATION IN THE IONOSPHERE. I ALSO LOOKED AT THE DATA FROM THE CHILTON IONOSONDE IN ENGLAND. ITS AT THE BELGIUM END OF YOUR PATH. FIGURE 3 SHOWS THE DATA FOR SEPTEMBER 4 TO 17, 2013. THE MUF WAS WELL ABOVE 21R3 MHZ THE RED LINE AFTER SUNRISE FOR ƒ QST DE W1AW ‰ MOST OF THE DAYS, INCLUDING YOUR OBSERVATION ON SEPTEMBER 15. WE KIND OF UNDERSTAND THE EFFECT OF GEOMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE IONOSPHERE, BUT UNFORTUNATELY WE HAVE NO PARAMETER THAT MEASURES THE PROCESS INITIATED BY EVENTS IN THE LOWER ATMOSPHERE. ALL OF THIS SAYS WE DO NOT HAVE A DAILY MODEL OF THE IONOSPHERE. WHILE THE SOLAR DATA CAN PROVIDE A USEFUL PREDICTION OF THE AVERAGE PROPAGATION CONDITIONS OVER A PERIOD, USING ‰ END OF 13 WPM TEXT ‰ QST DE W1AW ƒ