‰ NOW 30 WPM ‰ TEXT IS FROM JANUARY 2017 QST PAGE 32‰ DISPLAY A NON MONOTONIC TRANSFER CHARACTERISTIC IT WILL BE DOUBLE VALUED AT SEVERAL POINTS PULSE WIDTHS. HENCE, TO BE PART OF A CLOSED LOOP SYSTEM, THE SYSTEM WOULD ALWAYS DEMONSTRATE AN INSTABILITY. AFTER MANY BLOWN SWITCHING TRANSISTORS, USING SPICE, I CAME TO AN AGREEABLE UNDERSTANDING A TRUCE. WHOLE CYCLE SKIPPING WOULD BE MUCH THE SAME, AND WAS DEEMED CLUMSY AND IMPRACTICAL AS A CONTROL MEANS. THERE WAS NO GUARANTEE OF STABILITY WITH THIS METHOD, SO I DIDNT TRY IT. THE REAL EFFORT HAD TO BE TO IMPROVE UPON THE TRANSFORMER UNTIL IT WOULD BE GOOD ENOUGH TO PROVIDE SATISFACTORY REGULATION IN AN OPEN LOOP APPLICATION, ACCEPTING THAT PERFECTION IN COUPLING WAS IMPOSSIBLE. THE HIGH VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER THE EXTREME TRANSFORMATION RATIO REQUIRED FOR THE HIGH VOLTAGE OUTPUT RESULTS IN A TRANSFORMER HAVING A POOR COUPLING COEFFICIENT, AND IN TURN, HIGH LEAKAGE INDUCTANCE AND PARASITIC CAPACITANCE. AS A RESULT OF THESE PARASITIC CIRCUIT ELEMENTS, THE SYSTEM IS GREATLY UNDER DAMPED WITHOUT A LOAD ON THE POWER SUPPLY, AND AN OSCILLATION TAKES PLACE AT THE END OF EVERY SWITCHING HALF CYCLE. THIS OSCILLATION, A DECAYING SINE WAVE, CAN CAUSE A VOLTAGE ‰ END OF 30 WPM TEXT ‰ QST DE W1AW ƒ